| 2009 | 2008 | ||
| Notes | Rm | Rm | |
| Cash generated by operations2> | 49.1 | 14 915 | 14 557 |
| Cash received from clients | 49.2 | 62 380 | 68 473 |
| Cash paid to clients, employees and suppliers | 49.3 | (48 220) | (54 485) |
| Dividends received on investments | 50 | 234 | |
| Recoveries on loans previously written off | 457 | 379 | |
| Effects of exchange rate changes on opening cash and cash equivalents | |||
| (excluding foreign borrowings) | 248 | (44) | |
| Change in funds for operating activities | (14 603) | (10 674) | |
| Increase in operating assets | 49.4 | (6 009) | (81 992) |
| (Decrease)/Increase in operating liabilities | 49.5 | (8 594) | 71 318 |
| Net cash from operating activities before taxation | 312 | 3 883 | |
| Taxation paid | 49.6 | (2 318) | (2 233) |
| Cashflows (utilised by)/from operating activities | (2 006) | 1 650 | |
| Cashflows utilised by investing activities | (3 171) | (999) | |
| Acquisition of property and equipment, computer software and development costs and investment property | (2 568) | (1 547) | |
| Disposal of property and equipment, computer software and development costs and investment property | 278 | 18 | |
| Disposal of investment banking assets | 14 | 8 | |
| Acquisition of associate companies | (84) | (321) | |
| Disposal of associate companies | 151 | 282 | |
| Acquisition of other investments | (3 311) | (810) | |
| Disposal of other investments | 2 301 | 1 331 | |
| Disposal of investments in subsidiary companies net of cash | 49.7 | 40 | |
| Acquisition of investments in subsidiary companies net of cash | 49.8 | 48 | |
| Cashflows from/(utilised) financing activities by | 4 878 | (685) | |
| Net proceeds from issue of ordinary shares | 1 458 | 657 | |
| Issue of long-term debt instruments | 6 193 | 2 263 | |
| Redemption of long-term debt instruments | (170) | (528) | |
| Dividends paid to ordinary shareholders | 49.9 | (2 253) | (2 736) |
| Preference share dividends paid | (350) | (341) | |
| Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (299) | (34) | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year* | 18 674 | 18 708 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year* | 21 | 18 375 | 18 674 |
| * Including mandatory reserve deposits with central banks. | |||